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| from The Psychology of Liberty Index abortion, 188 absolutes, primary, for living creatures, 302 active mind, 334; and science, 324 Adam and Eve, 354 Adams, Samuel, 171 adaptive actions, 69 adolescents, 187, 268, 287 Age of Logic, 374 Age of pre-logic, 320 agency, as voluntary and chosen, 175 agent, 204 aging, 297 Albright, Madeleine, 228 ALCOA aluminum, 207 alphabet, creation of, 112 altruism, 131, 344, 346 American Sign Language, 33, 37; training chimpanzees in, 37 Anarcho-capitalism, 211 Anaxamander, 80 anti-concept, 343, 347, 354, 357, 358, 360; definition of, 94 anti-discrimination laws, 190 Aquinas: Thomas, 81 arbitrary postulates, 307 arbitration, 207, 217 Aristotle, 76, 78, 81, 82, 151 Army Corps of Engineers, 236 artificial selection, 22 attorneys, 217 Australopithecus, 30; anatomical characteristics of, 30 autonomy, 57, 122 Bakunin, Michael, 55, 117, 165 banking industry, 275 Beck, Aaron, 101 Behaviorism, 98 belief: as opposed to fact, 304; in living after death, 302 Bentham, Jeremy, 339 Bill of Rights, 146, 171, 175, 210, 211 black market, 189, 248 body, and its attractiveness, 303 brain, 25, 26, 40, 47, 49, 160, 177, 223, 304; and example of physiological processes, 61; and free will, 43; and personality pill, 63; and speech, 36; and thought, 154; maturation process, 149; size, of Australopithecus, 30; size, of Homo erectus, 30; study of, 96 brain size, as potential indicator of rationality, 34 Branden, Nathaniel, 26, 75, 102, 106, 108, 290, 316 Browne, Harry, 181 Buddhism, 84, 90, 92 burden of proof, 218 Bureau of Reclamation, 236 Burns, David, 101 Cambrian explosion, the, 22 capitalism, 129, 184, 194, 210, 238, 243, 267; as attainable, 284; as equated with Self-Governing Capitalism, 220; definition of, 180; in the authentic sense, 181, 187; Laissez-faire, 194 capitalistic society: and characteristics of enterprise, 243; and defense of, 227; and insurance of sound money, 279; and intellectual independence, 286; and matters of money, 317; and ownership, 230; and philosophical understanding, 334; typical psychology in, 283 career, 335 caste systems, 126 Cato Institute, 182 cell: eukaryotic, 25; prokaryotic, 25; properties of, 19 centralized planning, 129 checks and balances, political system of, 172, 211 childhood, 107, 165, 192, 292, 330; and an unhealthy family situation, 120; and conditioned responses, 290; and development of efficacy, 149; and disconnection from reality, 342; and early discouragement, 225; and fragmented emotional world, 106; and hierarchical base of concepts, 71; and influence of cultural ideas, 333; and initial demand for rationality, 337; and isolation from language, 40; and odds of living, in primitive times, 52; and search for philosophical answers, 85; nature of, 251 children, 241, 254, 295, 349; and absorption of most available values and beliefs, 85; and adaptation to their environment, 257; and altruism, 341; and an unhealthy family situation, 119; and awareness as priority, 149; and being taken advantage of, 248; and cycle of parental treatment, 106; and development of a criminal mentality, 225; and distancing from reality, 351; and educational assumptions, 250; and effects of psychological and physical deprivation, 52; and external validations of self-worth, 253; and flawed understanding of capitalism, 184; and humiliation, 359; and lack of defenses, 107; and learning of social rules, 56; and learning the necessities of psychological health, 287; and parental sacrifice, 348; and political ideas, 166; and responsibility of adults as examples for living, 243; and teaching acceptance of contradictions as normal, 169; and the fostering of dependence, by example, 241; and theory of mind experiments, 38; and what evolution has granted them, 254; as seeing parents as omniscient, omnipotent, and infallible, 353; deaths of, in Iraq, 228; education of, when left to the free market, 267; in contrast to chimpanzees, 38; irrational behavior of, 255; making life comprehensible for, 314 Childs Jr., R.A., 186 chimpanzee, 34; as closest genetic relative, 29 choice, in relation to government, 178 Christ, Jesus, 93 Christianity, 84, 92, 93 civilization, formation of, 112 Classical Liberalism, 181 classification system of organisms, 24 clear and present danger, 247 coercion, 122, 127, 131, 183, 187, 210, 229, 368 commune, 133 communication, evolution of, 112 Communism, 127, 128, 131 competition, in a free market, 205 complexity, in nature, 47 concept, definition of, 32 concepts, 71, 149; as presupposed in knowledge, 305; axiomatic, 76, 151; example of lack of examination of, 239; invalid, as viruses, 307; invalid, definition of, 307; stolen, 77 conceptual capability, as humans' distinguishing trait, 33 conceptualization, 70, 161; evolution towards, 35 congenitally deaf, 39 Congress, 172 consciousness, 26, 32, 49, 96, 97, 110, 151, 284, 321; and compatibility with physical matter, 48; as astonishing, 319; as axiomatic concept, 76; as dependent on brain matter, 304; as distinguished from objective reality, 46; as fallible, 357; as highly evolved, 295; as identification, 73; being "empty" from meditation, 302; death of, 303; ecstatic state of, as end in itself, 311; expansion of, 319; functioning of, 45; human, as essentially a conceptual faculty, 51; model of, as irreducible primary, 50; rational, worst fates of, 78 Conservative, 191 Constitution, 140, 171, 173, 174, 178, 179, 210, 217, 242 constructivism, 45, 83, 159 consumers, as conscientious, 244 contentment, 90, 105 contracts, 176; breach of, 220; nature of, 204; right to make, 212 contractual payment, 168 contradiction, 185; definition of, 76; worse political, 168 contradictions, 73, 95, 238; and actions of government, 169; and maturing without realizing the importance of, 250; as not being present in objective reality, 75; chosen persistence of, as factor in retardation of human development, 162; nature of, 161 country, as legal concept, 199 crime, 219, 247 criminals, 167, 222; psychology of, 225 Cro Magnon Man, 31 cryonics, 296 cultural osmosis, and implicit philosophy, 334 cultural relativism, 80 cuneiform script, 112 Dark Ages, 45, 81 Darwin, Charles, 17, 18; theory of evolution, as fact, 308 Davies, Paul, 48, 49 Dawkins, Richard, 19, 23 death, 126; as natural process, 24; definition of, 302; of a person, 303 Declaration of Independence, 210, 211 defense mechanisms, 65, 372 definition, 32, 154, 306 Deming, W. Edwards, 271 Democracy, 134, 135, 136, 140, 171, 345 Democratic Party, 141, 186 Democrats, 188 dependence, 282 dependency, society of, 241 dependent being, 121 determinism, 46, 50, 51 dictatorships, 123, 125 DNA, 20 drug use, 246 due process, 209, 218 Earth, 320; age of, 19; life on, as one of multitudes, 35 Eastern philosophy, 92 economic progress, 233 education, modern, 251, 258, 260, 264 educational establishment, 264 Ellis, Albert, 101 emotional responses of animals, 66, 67 emotions, 71, 85, 289; and appraisals, 63; and destructive action, 143; and discovery process, 82; and reason, 70; and thoughts, 104; as representing evaluations, 103; as tied to physiology, 69, 163; as tied to sense of self, 75; definition of, 60; emotional normalcy, feeling of, 104; evaluative component of, 61 empiricism, 45 enlightenment, 84, 86, 90, 110, 267; and alignment with reality, 295; and children's experiences with adults, 251; and grasping the nature of our being, 311; and health of the populace, 212; and independent thought, 102; and joyful experiences, 105; and logic, 163; and logical thinking, 283; and problems with religious views, 94; and quantity and quality of identifications, 373; and Zen, 92; in Christianity, 93; philosophical and psychological, as contextual, 82; realistic aspect of, 369; realistic understanding of, 103; scientific and psychological approach to, 95 epistemology, 210, 371; and dichotomy of rationalism and empiricism, 45; and logic, for scientific endeavors, 160; and teaching the human sciences, 288; definition of, 36; logical, 152; and lack of embrace by science, 153 ethics, 68, 295; and morality of dependence, 341; as branch of philosophy, 338; of duty, 339; reality-based, 340; utilitarian, 339 evaluations, 69 evil, 312 evolution, 17, 42, 68, 254; as explanation for human behavior, 28; as supreme fact of organismic nature, 308 evolution versus creationism, in our culture, 28 existence: as amazing, 319; as an absolute, 302; as fundamental axiom, 151 external control measures, 285 extortion, 220 extraterrestrial life forms, 35 fairness, 175, 185 faith, 94 fallacy: of self-exclusion, 150; of soul/body dichotomy, 304; of stolen concept, 46, 294 Fascism, 127, 184 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 275 Federal Reserve System, 272 feelings, 61, 64, 72, 106; and active mind, 323; as outcomes of one's thinking, 290 finite being, 308 force, physical, 117, 123, 127, 144, 145, 167, 191, 220; "reasons" for using, 143; as "practical", 145; as greatest evil to a reasoning mind, 57 foreign policy, 228 forgiveness, 359; as an anti-concept, 360 Founding Fathers, 138 fractional reserve banking, 275 fraud, 220, 240 free market, 196, 204, 210, 230, 232, 234, 235, 238, 268, 269, 272, 279; and international trade, 278 free will, 41, 47, 49, 110, 202; as resultant brain attribute, 49 freedom: and laws that restrict self-regulation, 246; and not inhibiting others' freedom, 142; as political concept, 183; fear of, 368; for the medical field, 315; giving up, effects on self, 124; helping other countries obtain, 229; of action, 139; of mind, 140; opposing the idea of, 318; psychological, and children, 254; societal, and active minds, 326; to contract and from contract, 212; to delegate protection of rights, 198; to engage in voluntary trade, 212; viewed as personal threat, 318 free-rider problem, 195 Freud, Sigmund, 64, 65, 114 Friedman, Milton, 182, 183 Gates, Bill, 208 genetic hyperspace, 23, 26 Ginott, Haim, 252, 253, 254 Glasser, William, 101, 262, 269, 271 God, 28, 93; as invalid concept, 307; as providing meaning and morality, 313; many meanings for, 307 gold standard, 274 government, 169, 184, 235, 248, 273; as coercive and "necessary", 166; as coercive monopoly, 175; as reflection of dominant ideas, 202; as replacement for proper integration of concepts, 232; as required for law and order, 166; as surrogate parent, 241; definition of, 164; people in, 178; services of, 167 governmental regulatory agencies, 239 governmental standards, 244 grades, 260 greed, 129 Hancock, John, 171 happiness, 73, 100, 105, 106, 139, 192, 258; and freedom, fear of, 318; and sense of life, 327; anxiety about, 318; as our responsibility, 327; in society, 325 heaven, 45, 312, 313; as invalid concept, 307 Heidel, William, 81 Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle, 158 hell, 45, 114, 312; as invalid concept, 307 Henry, Patrick, 171 hierarchy of needs, 53 higher mammals, 26 Hinduism, 84, 88 holistic principles of organization, 49 Holt, John, 318 hominid brain, development of, 31 hominid evolution, 30 Homo erectus, 30 Homo habilis, 30 Homo sapiens, 53, 57, 99, 114, 163, 179; as genetic path to reasoning capability, 34; as unique species, 26; evolution of, 29; most recent evolution of, 31 honesty, as a supreme virtue, 264 human beings: as organisms possessing self-awareness, 26; as significant as they view themselves to be, 299; as social animals, 55, 130; nature of, 180 human nature, 166, 202, 208, 365; "human nature," as pathological, 238; mistrust of, 232 humanitarian aid, 53, 345 Hussein, Saddam, 229 ideas, as timeless, 82 imagination, 157, 305 impossibility, concept of, 158 independence: financial, 284; intellectual, 241, 286, 334; psychological, 289; virtue of, 57 independent being, 121 independent entities, nature of, 24 individual life, as central determinant of morality, 131 individual rights, 133, 136, 165, 172, 197, 200, 226, 229; versus minority rights, 367 individual, as primary, 125 infallibility: as invalid concept, 354; idea of, as guilt producing, 357 inflation, 275 informed consent, 174 initiation of force, 57, 127, 142, 144, 167, 171, 188, 210 innate ideas, 70, 138, 150 innovation, 272 instincts, 42; and small children, 43 intelligence, trait of, 33, 149, 262, 295, 353 interdependence, 282 International Monetary Fund, 236 introspection: avoidance of, 292; what it asks of us, 291 Ionia, 80 irrationality, 58, 137, 146 Islam, 84, 92 Java Man, 31 Jefferson, Thomas, 105, 138, 171 Judaism, 84, 92 jurisdiction, 199, 209, 239 jury process, 218 justice, 133, 141, 142, 218, 227, 282; and a voluntarily funded government, 194; and contracting with rights-protecting agencies, 197; and death and the meaning of human rights, 312; and directing morality, 165; and economic checks and balances, 211; and its value to property owners, 237; and military responsibility, 178; and notion of being sought on a whim, 202; and perverted legal package of regulatory agencies, 240; and politicians and lobbyists, 187; and supposed conflicts of interest, 206; and the influence of the populace, 201; and understanding criminality, 225; and voluntary engagements, 212; as adhering to a rational moral code of individual rights, 200; as result of individuals' premises, 207; as supposed goal of governmental courts, 214; as the preeminent political value in a free society, 205; definition of, 216; issues of, and separation of desires from, 279; law as the tool of, 247; seekers of, as alleged seekers of vengeance, 224; studying as a science, 216; system of, 198 justice agencies, 202, 208, 220 justice system, current, 214 Kalahari Bushmen, 54 Kant, Immanuel, 43, 339 Kauffman, Stuart, 20 Keller, Helen, 40, 41 knowledge, 149, 306; as contextual, 79, 82; as hierarchical, 84; as sustenance for human life, 305 Kohn, Alfie, 260, 262 Krader, Lawrence, 116 language, 51, 149; written, 112 language explosion, 38 law: and burden of proof, 218; and criminal accountability, 177; and due process, 209, 218; and presumption of innocence, 218; and restitution, 222, 226, 237; and torts, 219, 227; as protector of rights, 175; common, 213, 221; copyright and patent, 214; criminal versus civil trial, 219; customary, 213, 220, 221; informed consent, 174; non-objective, 172, 199, 242, 278, 345; definition of, 167; objective, 197, 209, 213, 227, 236, 238; purpose of, 205, 247; restitution, 198 law and order, 174 Law of Causality, 151, 152, 160, 298, 307, 369 Law of Identity, 151, 160, 298, 365, 367 Law of Non-Contradiction, 76, 84, 97, 103, 147 laws of physics, 47 lawyers, 213, 218 Lazarus, Arnold, 101 legal order, current, 214, 217 legalized monopoly, 167, 196, 201, 214, 243 Lerner, Eric, 156 Liberal, 191 Libertarian, 182 Libertarian Party, 181 liberty, 362; and equivocation, 191; and victimless crimes, 221; laws in the name of, 190; psychological effects and causes of, 331; real meaning of, 183; shining example of, 229; the psychology of, 373 licensing processes, 264 life: as involving constant pursuit of values, 317; biological property of, 19; of the individual, 135 life and death, as greatest antonyms possible, 306 lifespan, 298 lobbyists, 171, 187, 267 Locke, John, 138 logic, 143, 151, 197, 245, 273, 307; and action, 336; and its daily use, 162; and philosophical integration, 334; and uplifting emotions, 163; and usage of concepts, 305; as crucial value, 67; as essential for determining objective law, 167; as only method to indicate where contradictions lie, 75; as opposed to internal consistency, 78; as process of differentiating the correct from the incorrect, 44, 150; as supposedly constraining or limiting emotion and passion, 283; definition of, 71; for rectifying the intellectual pursuits, 338; in order to validate beliefs, 363; rectifying contradictions with, 95; subversion of process of, 72; upholding as absolute in psychology, 102 Machan, Tibor, 202 maladaptive actions, 68 management: enlightened style of, 269; traditional style of, 269 Marx, Karl, 131 Marxism, 131, 132 Maslow, Abraham, 53 mediation, 207, 217 medical care, 244 medium of exchange, 274 mens rea, 177 mental health, 145, 283, 334 mental processes, 147 metaphysics, 210, 371; and certainty, 152; and objective reality, 314; and sense of life, 327; and teaching the human sciences, 288; definition of, 28, 151 Microsoft Corporation, 207 Middle East, 228 military, 115, 167, 177, 213, 227, 228, 230; under Self-Governing Capitalism, 229 Milky Way galaxy, 320 Mill, John Stuart, 339 mind: active, 321; as brain attribute, 157, 304; as tool of comprehension, 96; description of, 148; reasoning, and future evolution of, 353 mind/body dichotomy, 43, 304 Mises, Ludwig von, 185 mistakes, 42; and learning from them, 361 mixed economy, 285 monarchies, 123, 125 money, 184, 236, 240, 273, 280, 284; and its impact on individual life, 279; as innocent commodity, 317; as result of productive work, 275 money supply, 272 monopoly, 204; market, 207 Montessori, Maria, 119, 136, 256, 257, 259 moods, 63 morality, 338; as pertaining to actions of the individual, 246; futility in legislating, 247; interpreted as being social, 246; of dependence, 341; of the market, 184; ultimate question for, 339 mortality, 301; reflecting on, 311 motivation, 43 Mr. Spock, 163 murder, 116, 117, 189, 223, 224 mutations, 20 nanobots, 296 nanotechnology, 158 natural selection, 43, 44; as nondeliberate process, 21; as screening process, 18 nature versus nurture controversy, 99 Neanderthal Man, 31 need, as context dependent, 129, 345 Neolithic period, 112 Newton, Sir Isaac, 47, 82 Newtonian physics, 154 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 124 Ninth Amendment, 175 nirvana, 86, 126 Nock, Albert Jay, 115, 118, 136 non sequitur, definition of, 77 nonexistence, as an absolute, 302 non-initiation of force principle, 197, 201 nothing, concept of, 302 Nozick, Robert, 195, 206 obedience, 255 objective reality, 45, 83, 150, 151, 314; as having no contradictions, 75 objective value system, 102, 238, 340 objectivity, 46, 83, 336, 350, 363 obsessive/compulsive behavior, 300 omnipotence, as invalid concept, 308, 354 omniscience: as invalid concept, 354; demanding or posturing of, 355 operant conditioning, 260 Original Sin, 359 ownership, 181, 231 Paine, Thomas, 171 paranormal phenomena, 153, 157, 304 parapsychological phenomena, 153, 154 Pavlov, Ivan, 98 Peace Corps, 345 pedagogy, 256 Peikoff, Leonard, 58 Peking Man, 31 perceptual mechanism, 32, 43, 44, 155, 370 perfection, as an anti-concept, 357 Persian Gulf War, 228 phenotypes, 21 philosophical skepticism, 152 philosophy: and its role in psychology, 371; as the most profound guide, 370; necessity of, 333 phonemes, 113 physical pleasure/pain mechanism, 52 placebo effects, 63 Plato, 43, 81 Plumb, J.H., 113 police, 213, 221 politicians, 187, 230, 236, 278, 281 politics, 164 pollution, 237 pop behaviorism, 285 populace, 111, 123, 183, 201, 202, 209, 212, 214 power lust, 123 power, as physical and psychological concept, 57 pragmatism, 182 presumption of innocence, 218 Primacy of Consciousness, 159 primates, types of, 29 Primitive Man, 31 primordial soup, 19 printing press, invention of, 113 prison, 222 procrastination, 301 profit motive, alleged "evil" of, 237 profits, 211, 220, 230, 232, 237 proof, 44, 76, 305 property, 138, 139, 230, 231, 238; "public", 181, 230; communal, 133; destruction and misuse of, 235; personal, 133; private, 128, 132 property rights, 133, 134, 190, 230, 232, 236, 239, 242, 245, 249; discouragement of, 236 Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph, 170 psychological awareness and understanding, abhorrence of, 319 psychology, 41, 55, 97, 103, 106, 294, 370, 373; and being a facilitator of learning, 268; and child learning, 256; and importance of the subconscious, 147; and its role in philosophy, 371; and psychotherapy, 291; and religions, 85; and self-esteem, 100; and sense of life, 330; and societal transformation, 366; disciplines of, 98; history of, 97; in capitalistic society, 283; independent, 283; modern, 96, 98; of peevishness, 343; profession of, 96, 102; psychometric, 262; school's influence on, 251 psychology of the group, 56, 59 psychology, clinical and counseling, 101 psychotherapeutic exercises, 290 psychotherapy, 66, 101, 289, 291, 293; Adlerian, 101; Behavioral, 101; Cognitive, 62, 101; Existential, 101; Family, 102; Gestalt, 102; Multimodal, 101; Person-Centered, 101; Rational Emotive Behavioral, 101; Reality, 101 psychotropic drugs, 63 quantum mechanics, 154 quantum theory, 48, 154, 158 Radin, Paul, 56 rainforests, destruction of, 236 Rand, Ayn, 32, 33, 71, 73, 76, 77, 128, 129, 141, 146, 151, 191, 258, 325 Randi, James, 158 rational faculty, 44, 73; as unique model of life, 35 rationalism, 45 rationalization, 143, 178, 350; definition of, 121 reality, 44, 160; as friend and safeguard, 351; as opposed to the supernatural, 306; need for, in defining morality, 340 reason, 41, 46, 69, 70, 71, 97, 102, 140, 144, 155, 309, 352; and choice to focus, 43; and inspection of one's inner reality, 60; and its neglect, 55; and language utilization, 36; and resolving disputes, 58; appreciation of, 361; as advantageous in understanding emotions, 66; as faculty, important physical characteristics for, 35; as primary value, 67; as supposedly constraining or limiting emotion and passion, 283; capacity for, and brain size, 34; definition of, 32; exempting contentions from, 142; in the intellectual pursuits, 338 reductionism, error of, 48 Reisman, George, 233, 273 religion, 84, 86, 88, 90, 96, 114, 299 religious belief systems, 84 repression, 65, 72, 145, 148, 259, 287, 297 Republican Party, 187 Republicans, 188 reputation, 211, 213, 243, 244 restitution, 198, 222, 226, 237 rewards and punishments, 86, 260, 284 rights, 138, 139, 140, 142, 143, 145, 146, 175, 183, 187, 189, 191, 216, 241, 247; collective, 232; definition of, 139; of an agent, 198; to exact justice, 198 Rogers, Carl, 101, 268 Rothbard, Murray, 116 Sacks, Oliver, 39 sacrifice, 144; and ethics, 346; and objective definition, 346; as an anti-concept, 347; as recurring cultural theme, 341; ethical doctrine of and forgiveness, 360 Sagan, Carl, 158, 309 sanction of the victim, 146 Satan, as invalid concept, 307 school systems, 250 science, 27, 216; and empirical study, 99; and laws of reality, 152; and philosophical skepticism, 152; and the concept of impossibility, 158; and understanding consciousness, 304; and understanding reality, 309; as protector of human existence, 324; early, 80; human, purpose of, 287; medical, advances in, 298, 315; progression of, 28 scientific discovery, 82, 158 self, 126; as ultimate creator of all values, 296; in the present, 364; popular focus on, 292; renunciation of, 90; sage, as part of self-concept, 365; virtues of, 242 self-actualization, 53 self-assertion, 291, 314 self-awareness, 149 self-concept, 67, 109, 144, 293, 295, 331, 364; altering, 314; and introspection, 293; and the idea of freedom, 368; not confronting issues of, 350; strong, early formation of, 329 self-defense, 127, 142, 146, 175, 198, 223, 348; as retaliatory force, 127 self-distrust, 364 self-doubt, 293, 363 self-efficacy, 293 self-esteem, 109, 287, 295; as addressed in psychotherapy, 293; definition of, 100; enlightened perspective on, 293; pseudo, 318, 351; in society, 336; test of, 322 self-examination, 291 self-fulfilling prophecy, 80, 180 Self-Governing Capitalism, 211, 212; and morality, 346; as evolutionary transformation, 352; as henceforth called capitalism, 220 self-interest, 121, 208; conflicts of, 234; rational, 238, 243, 247, 251, 295; rational, in contrast to altruism, 346 selfishness, as an anti-concept, 343 selflessness, 88, 343 self-ownership, 133 self-regulation, 246 self-respect, 251, 318 self-responsibility, 176, 177, 218 self-sacrifice, 297; theme of, in modern ethics, 339 self-surrender, 95, 297 self-worth, 86, 251, 372; and morality of dependence, 342; attacks on, 252; of adolescents, 288 sense of life, 163, 327; and psychological resilience, 328; and self-assertion, 330; and self-concept, 329; and self-esteem, 330 senses, 44; the doubting of, 44 sentence completion exercises, 290 Sibley, Mulford, 138 Simpson, O.J., 219 single government, 202, 206; as allegedly final arbiter, 199 Skinner, B.F., 98 slavery, 116 Socialism, 127, 128, 129, 133, 135, 184 socialization, 258, 341 societal transformation, major key to, 288 space-time continuum, 156 speech, evolution of, 36 Spencer, Herbert, 255 spirituality, 311 Spooner, Lysander, 142, 174, 176, 179, 214 State, 131, 141, 187, 228, 267; and control of money, 273; and demands for obedience, 208; and genesis of welfare statism, 128; and idea of crimes against it, 219; and its formation, 114; and its requirements, 115; and rule by force, 117; and ruling of economies, 184; and the medical profession, 244; as desired for maintaining control and preventing chaos, 205; as prosecutor of crimes, 219; as typical component of political systems, 111; dominance of, 123; effects of, 116; inflation as intrinsic part of, 275; Laissez-faire form of, 196; rationalizations for, 121; stamp of approval by, 264 Stirner, Max, 132 student, notion of, 266 subconscious, 62, 72, 83, 97, 101, 106, 108, 109, 147, 148, 283; and active mind, 322; definition of, 64; premises, examination of, 289 subjectivity, 46, 83 supernatural, 27, 81, 312; definition of, 306 supernatural justice, 313 super-rapid appraisals, 62 supply and demand, 204, 232, 238 Supreme Court, 173, 188, 199 survival: as rational beings, 145; psychological, 145 Taoism, 84, 88 taxation, 168, 176 teachers, job of, 266 tests, 261 Thales, 80 theory of mind experiments, 38 theory versus practice, 166 third-world countries, 52, 80, 236, 345 time: definition of, 155; for individual human beings, 296 torts, 219, 227 Trefil, James, 31 tribal mentality, 123 truth, 44, 94; finding, and context of knowledge, 322, 334 Tucker, Benjamin, 137, 169 unconscious, theory of the, 64 United States, as The Great Melting Pot, 367 universe: and matter, 298; as its own cause, 307; as mechanistic, 46; as vast, 320; definition of, 151 unknowable, meaning of, 309 unregulated markets, alleged destructiveness of, 237 value-judgments, 40, 66, 100, 362 values, 339, 340, 363; definition of, 67; pursuit of, as distinguished from instincts, 43 vertebrates, 26 victim, definition of, 190 virtues, 339, 340, 363; definition of, 67 visibility, psychological, 288 volition, 46, 97, 100, 102, 140; and determinism, 47; and memory and making mental connections, 358; as a primary, 353; as adaptive function, with sometimes maladaptive uses, 352; as capacity that must be honored in children, 257; as crucial for understanding the concept of rights, 144; as mechanism responsible for personal change, 63; with respect to contradictions and making mistakes, 161 voting, 135, 136, 195 war, 38, 113, 178, 200, 230 war on drugs, 248 wealth, creation of, 317 welfare State, 130, 277 wild boy of Aveyron, 40 wisdom and experience versus need for fundamental principles, 318 Wollstein, Jarret B., 201, 203 words, 162; ability to use, 51 World Bank, 236 Xenophanes, 80 Zen Buddhism, 91 zoning laws, 204
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